Space Materials and Surface Treatment Guide
For details on low outgassing materials see Vacuum
Aluminum
Bare aluminum needs to be protected to prevent corrosion in space and on the ground during handling, storage (near the ocean particularly), and in orbit. Hard anodizing is also used to prevent cold welding of deployables (see CubeSat Design Specification).
Anodizing:
Inorganic type III black anodizing is suitable for vacuum and space applications where a typical black coating is required. For a detailed procedure, see ESA standard Black-anodizing of metals with inorganic dyes, ECSS-Q-ST-70-03C.
https://llis.nasa.gov/lesson/8403
Relevant JSC Structural Engineering Division Process Specification:
Further reading:
Goueffon, Y., Arurault, L., Mabru, C., Tonon, C., & Guigue, P. (2009). Black anodic coatings for space applications: Study of the process parameters, characteristics and mechanical properties. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209(11), 5145-5151.
Persky, M. J. (1999). Review of black surfaces for space-borne infrared systems. Review of Scientific Instruments, 70(5), 2193-2217.
Conversion coating
Chromate conversion coating (“Alodining”) is recommended on flight hardware to prevent corrosion and short circuits.
Titanium
Titanium can generally be untreat except when subject to wear per NASA-STD-6016C:
Steel
Relevant JSC Structural Engineering Division Process Specification: